Summary and Critique of George F. Will’s View on Inaugural Addresses

Wade Vierheller Professor Combs English 300 27 September 2012 ‘Let Us’†¦? No, Give it a Rest Summary and Critique George F. Will is a Pulitzer-Prize writer and an editor for Newsweek. He is well-known for his strong conservative political commentary. He discusses the history of Inaugural Addresses and how they reflect the way the country has changed throughout the years. He points out a number of differences such as sentence structure, tone, and topics. For example, he cites the numbering of words.He mentions George Washington’s second sentence of his address, which was 87 words. On the one hand, I was summoned by my country, whose voice I can never hear but with veneration and love, from a retreat which I had chosen with the fondest predilection, and, in my flattering hopes, with an immutable decision, as the asylum of my declining years–a retreat which was rendered every day more necessary as well as more dear to me by the addition of habit to inclin ation, and of frequent interruptions in my health to the gradual waste committed on it by time.Back then, the culture was much different, as most people learned to read were through difficult literature such as Pilgrim’s Progress and the King James Bible. Herbert Stein, â€Å"who for 60 years was an economist and connoisseur of American’s political culture,† discovered that the average number of words per sentence for Inaugural Addresses has steadily decreased: â€Å"from Washington through Buchanan the average number of words per sentence was 44; from Lincoln through Wilson, 34; since Wilson, 25. † Will believes that â€Å"the general shortening of sentences reflects, in part, a change in nature of Inaugural Addresses. He refers to Teddy Roosevelt who called the presidency â€Å"a bully pulpit. † Later addresses have had an incentive to tell Americans how to behave with phrases such as â€Å"The only thing we have to fear†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and †Å"Ask not†¦Ã¢â‚¬  A more popular phrase which was used by Kennedy and Nixon was â€Å"Let us†¦,† which according to Will means, â€Å"For Pete’s sake, pull up your socks and shape up. † The content of the Inaugural Addresses has also changed. George Washington had to be much more modest, speaking about his personal problems and as much as he would like to rest, his country was calling him.In the beginning with Washington, the issue was that he would be able to turn the presidency into another monarchy. Around the time of Cleveland and Garfield, a major issue was polygamy. During the time of Monroe, the issue was coastal fortifications. As of today, these are no longer on the list of major issues. This progression shows how the country has grown over the many years. Though Will is happy that we do not have to talk about the issues of the past anymore, he does not like the shortening of sentences and how Presidents have become more like preachers.He sho ws appreciation of Washington’s modesty despite the amount of praise he was showered with, but understands how there were different problems during that time. Most of what Will says is backed up with some strong points, using factual information from past people such as Cleveland, Garfield, and Teddy Roosevelt. This greatly backs up his claims, making them hard to argue against. He makes strong arguments that clearly show how there has been quite a change throughout the history of the Inaugural Addresses. A significant point he brings up is the decrease in the word count per sentence over the years.It’s true there has been a major change in literature over the years. Personally, I had some trouble keeping up with the incredibly long sentence made by George Washington. It’s interesting how he partly blames it for the â€Å"change in the nature of Inaugural Addresses. † I’m not sure if I see much connection between the two. Also, though shorter sente nces shows our reading mental muscles are weaker than our ancestors’, but this does not seem to have any major negative effect on society, unless Will’s statement about the changing in Inaugural Addresses in coordination with shortening of sentences is true.This leads us to another point about the context of Inaugural Addresses. Looking at the parts of Washington’s address or Lincoln’s address (â€Å"Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray, that this might scourge of war may speedily pass away†¦ With malice toward none, with charity for all†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ), they show hope and love in their speeches. When looking at later ones, they’ve become much more preach-y. For Will, this does not seem to be a good adjustment, and I have to agree with him here. At least in the beginning, it’s never been the President’s job to tell us how to behave.It is true that he is our leader, but his part in leading the country is taking care of politica l matters such as federal law and diplomatic troubles. Another very interesting matter he brings up is the drastic change in subject matter from speech to speech. With Washington, it was the fear of monarchy. For Monroe, it was coastal fortifications. For Lincoln, it was slavery. For Garfield and Cleveland, it was polygamy. Throughout the years, the severity of the nation’s problems has declined. It’s really something to be proud about. It shows that despite the other reasons Will has pointed out, this country has grown for the better.We’ll always have problems and we’ll keep working to solve them. This gives us drive and displays our strength and motivation. In his article, Will has done a good job of backing up his opinions with strong factual information. While I do not completely agree with him, I’m able to understand and respect his views. Really the only problem I have with the paper is the assumption on how the shortening of sentences  "reflects†¦ a change in the nature of Inaugural Addresses,† because I can’t understand how that exactly works.Works Cited Will, George F. â€Å"‘Let Us’†¦? No, Give it a Rest. † Newsweek 22 Jan. 2001: 64. Print. .

Analytical Paper: Justin Martyr, First Apology Essay

Justin Martyr was the Greek apologist of Christianity who lived in the 2nd c. A. D. He was famous for his two Apologies (the First Apology dates back to about A. D. 155, rediscovered in 1364 ), and the Dialogue with Trypho. Both Chadwick and Richardson called him one of the most prominent advocates of Christian faith due to the most genuine spirit and voluminosity. The First Apology is addressed to the emperor Antoninus Pius and his confidants. The eloquent speech, which sometimes resembles of Platonic dialogues or defensive declaration in classic court, explains to the hostile prevailing authorities the foundations of Christian theology from the point of a true believer. As Richardson noted, the work was not recklessly structured, so far as it was difficult for commentators â€Å"to find a clear outline. † There is a scheme of the Apology given in chapter 23, though it â€Å"is hard to follow through in detail. † However, Richardson observed a distinctive rhetorical scheme consisting of seven themes: Plea for a Fair Hearing (chs. 1 to 8), The Faith and Life of Christians (chs. 9 to 20), Superiority of Christianity to Paganism (chs. 21 to 29), The Argument from Prophecy (chs. 30 to 53), Paganism an Imitation of Christianity (chs. 54 to 60), Christian Worship (chs. 61 to 67), and Conclusion (ch. 68) (1953, 236). Thus, the First Apology topically consists of the appeal to the Pagan Emperors who used to prosecute early Christians, the description of Christian theological position, the comparison of Pagan and Christian faiths, the overview of Biblical prophecies in regard to Jesus Christ, the account of Christian traditions (Eucharist, prays, etc. ) and the summary of previous argumentations. Justin addressed the Emperor and his relatives as philosophers and lovers of culture in the name of people regardless of nationality being â€Å"unjustly hated and reviled† for their faith. The apologist evidently held the hearers for humans being able to follow reason. More than that, Justin Martyr called for the high reputation of the Emperor as the pillar of justice who could not send a criminal to death before conviction but, nevertheless, illogically did not pause to murder Christians. The author swept aside the suspicions that he would flatter higher authorities, or try to seek their indulgent protection. Instead, Justin suggested that the listeners should voluntary â€Å"give judgment according to strict and exact inquiry† without â€Å"prejudice or respect for superstitious men, or by irrational impulse and long-established evil rumor. † No doubt that the author built his argument as if he was a solicitor speaking before the trial jury. In evidence of his firm and sincere position of a Christian, he exclaimed, For we are firmly convinced that we can suffer no evil unless we are proved to be evildoers or shown to be criminals. You can kill us, but cannot do us any real harm. Justin’s discourse is founded on the concept of reason and truth. He juxtaposed the negative rule of custom to the positive guidance of truth. The apologist’s conceptualization of truth linked to the one of justice even at the cost of life, as well as to the most perfect embodiment of Reason, God. Justin warned his audience, â€Å"if those who learn [the truth] do not do what is right, they have no defense before God. † Chadwick stated that, according to the apologist, â€Å"the gospel and the best elements in Plato and the Stoics are almost identical ways of apprehending the same truth. † It seems to be true that Justin did not afraid to appellate to the authority of pagan philosophers, Plato and Socrates. The latter â€Å"made the race of men endowed with intelligence, able to choose the truth and do right, so that all men are without excuse before God, for they were made with the powers of reason and observation. † He was executed for denouncing the power of evil demons who seduced humans and made them act wickedly. Justin found that there were parallels between the Stoics’ catastrophic comprehension of the world and â€Å"the eschatological fire of God’s judgement. † Still, the Christian spirit proclaimed by Justin is closer to Plato’s teaching. For example, in regard to death and martyrdom the apologist seemed to echo the Greek philosopher in the utterance, â€Å"we are not troubled by being put to death, since we will have to die somehow in any case. † The Christian idea of eternal punishment for sinners and salvation for true and virtuous believers, when â€Å"the souls of the unrighteous will be punished after death, still remaining in conscious existence, and those of the virtuous, delivered from punishments, will enjoy happiness,† also seems to correspond with Plato’s ideas. It looks as if Justin assigned both philosophers and the prophets of the Old Testament to the one and the same position. He argued that Plato in his saying that, â€Å"The blame belongs to him who chooses, and God is free from blame,† sounded like the prophet Moses. The concept of Divinity as bodiless and formless substance having created the Universe traveled from one philosophic mind to another. Justin seemed to view the role of the Old Testament prophets in paving the road to the descending of Jesus Christ to people to redeem them of sins and evil. Justin wrote, â€Å"There were among the Jews certain men who were prophets of God, through whom the prophetic Spirit announced in advance events that were to occur. † One may assume that the apologist had knowledge of human psychology and community behavior. He assumed that â€Å"God testified in advance through the prophetic Spirit that things which are unbelievable and thought impossible among men would happen, so that when this should occur it would not be disbelieved, but received with faith because it had been predicted. † Citing the Bible, Justin analyzed the evidence from the Old Testament in regard to the events of the New Testament. He stated further that there were even more events to have been predicted by ancient prophets and there would be the second epiphany of Christ to Earth. Justin Martyr was a pioneer in underlining the Christian emphasis on spirit and dismissing human flesh as the driving cause for any acts and events. According to him, Christians were outstanding in their â€Å"longing for the life which is eternal and pure. † When the writer compared the pagan tradition of portraying gods as the objects of craft, he stressed that it was disgusting because of craftsmen’s licentious habits. He recalled ancient accounts of pagan gods living material life in contrast to Christian God who â€Å"has no need of material offerings from men, considering that he is the provider of all. † It is interesting to observe how Justin tried to build the hierarchy of three Christian deities: the Father, the Son and the Spirit. He made his best to explain that Christians honored Jesus as occupying the second place in the system, whereas the prophetic Spirit was in the third rank. He dwelt in details on the teaching of Jesus where people were taught to love and trust each other, live in purity and clarity of thought and deed. That formed a sharp contrast to the pagan traditions of prostitution, greed, lust and wilderness. Justin put Christianity superior to Paganism because Christian God let believers â€Å"not to consume by fire the things he has made for our nourishment, but to devote them to our use and those in need, in thankfulness to him sending up solemn prayers and hymns for our creation. † Christian God pursued the genuine truth and did not enjoy prejudices and human blindness in referencing to the truth. Involuntary, Justin sometimes made similar Christian and Pagan deities. However, he immediately tried to explain those analogies â€Å"as imitations of the truth inspired by the devil, who with foresight and sagacity has thereby tried to inoculate men against the gospel by caricatures of the Incarnation or of the virgin birth or of baptism and the eucharist. † What is the use of Justin’s First Apology in the Roman and modern period? First, he addressed plain people who craved after the main idea for their lives. Second, he integrated the new teaching in the sequence of human thought to change the outliving mode of political and spiritual life. Third, he was â€Å"utterly frank and open-hearted† in describing the emerging faith. So far as his theological contribution is concerned, Justin was artful enough â€Å"to piece together a mosaic providing a clear and surprisingly full account of his doctrines of God, Creation, Incarnation, Atonement, the Church, the sacraments of baptism and eucharist, and the Last Things. † Richardson admitted in his turn that Justin Martyr stood apart from other apologists in his warm and human tone: â€Å"Most of the other Apologists lead their reader to the door of the church [†¦] while Justin opens it and tells a good deal about what goes on inside. † Bibliography Chadwick, Henry. Early Christian Thought and the Classical Tradition: Studies in Justin, Clement, and Origen. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. Richardson, Cyril Charles. Early Christian Fathers. Philadelphia, PA: Westminster Press, 1953.

Acceptance of Differences

It is clear that America would like all of its citizens and residents to learn to accept differences between people.   As an example, the philosophy of teaching students with disabilities has been changing.   Separated from regular students at first, they must now be moved into classrooms with the rest.   In these classrooms, regular students learn to respect those who are different from themselves and students with disabilities improve their social skills (Ripley, 1997). At the same time, business organizations of America are required to learn diversity management.   At the governmental level, we now have the first black president in the White House.   However, as soon as President Barack Obama stepped into the White House he had to state that America is not an enemy of Muslims. Seeing that there was a need for the American president to make that statement reveals that our nation still needs to accept differences between people based on religion.    To support AmericaAmericans in accepting these differences, the government is required to change its political framing with regard to the Muslim world.   It is a known fact that political framing reflects through the media.   The government should work with the media to further resolve the misunderstandings between America and Muslims.   Americans are, after all, tired of wars. Response to Classmate’s Post: Your responses are all positive, and I agree that it is essential to applaud our nation for the leaps it has taken forward to end racism.   All the same, you have failed to answer the Muslim question that President Obama addressed during his first month in office.   I appreciated that you mentioned the role of media in ending stereotyping and supporting people in the acceptance of difference.   Yet, I cannot deny the fact that our nation needs to take greater leaps forward not only to become fully accepting of differences between people but also to become a model for other societies working on eradicating problems related to racism. References Ripley, S. (1997, Jul). Collaboration between General and Special Education Teachers. ERIC Digest.

Nursing Leaders as Ethical-Legal Change Agents in Health Care Assignment

Nursing Leaders as Ethical-Legal Change Agents in Health Care - Assignment Example ng leader, it is the view of this student that the framework for making legal and ethical decisions should entertain both key determinants of the law as well as the underlying and pervasive considerations for the patient (Jenkins, 2012). Though this may seem as an obvious approach, it is somewhat different from the way in which ethics are employed within other institutions outside of healthcare. By employing such a dual approach, it is incumbent upon the healthcare professional to analyze each and every situation from the perspective of legality as well as the end utility that it provides to the patient (Sorrel, 2008). Finally, with regards to the actions that this particular author will plan to take in order to solve moral distress caused by ethical dilemmas, this has been adequately and briefly enumerated upon in the preceding analysis. By seeking provide a feedback loop of sorts in order to manage and determine the level of utility that each and every decision will have to the shareholders in question, the healthcare provider can seek to implement such an approach to maximizing ethics and healthcare provision (Dauwerse et al, 2011). Dauwerse, L., Abma, T., Molewijk, B., & Widdershoven, G. (2011). Need for ethics support in healthcare institutions: views of Dutch board members and ethics support staff. Journal Of Medical Ethics, 37(8),

Assignment 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

1 - Assignment Example The double entry system identifies and records all the accounting transactions. Measurement of accounting information involves making subjective judgment about the value of assets or liabilities relating to a business. It also involves measurement of profits or losses made in an accounting period. Accountants also record accounting data which is presented as economic information to users. It is referred to as economic information since it relates to the economic or financial activities of a business. The main financial statements that accountants prepare are the income statement, balance sheet and the cash flow statements (Warren et al, 2008). The balance sheet indicates the resources owned and owed by a business at a particular point in time. It also shows the investments made by the business and the sources of these investments. The income statement shows the profitability of a business while cash flow statement reflects the cash movement in and out of business. The preparation of all financial statements require the accounting professionals to apply all the set accounting processes to the latter in order to ensure relevance, reliability and understandability of the financial statements by the users. This is an indication that too much value of the accounting process is exercised by professionals in the identification, measuring, recording and communication of economic events. Q1. ... For example, Australia has adopted International Accounting Standards (IAS) to oversee accounting regulation in the country. The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) in the same country also identifies those priority issues in need of regulation. The following are the reason as to why regulation of the Preparation and presentation of accounting information is necessary in an organization. a) Accountability Accountability is one reason behind accounting regulation. It is based on the fact that the citizens and the stakeholders have the right to know. Financial information presented by accountants enables a business to be accountable. This is because the actions and activities of the business are produced in the reports. Information may be communicated through management reports, annual reports and accounts (Birt and Boland, 2010). Users need the information to make decisions. They get information on the financial position of the business and on its performance. Users of financial informa tion include governments, lenders, employees, shareholders and society at large. b) Transparency and Disclosure Transparency and disclosure of financial statements helps in preventing and detecting errors and fraud (Lee, 2007). Therefore, through preparation and preparation of financial statement errors and frauds can be detected. An auditor through tests can detect any errors or fraud and reflect them in the audit reports. Disclosure in financial statements must include the financial position like the balance sheet, performance like income statement and compliance like the notes to accounts. Investors can only provide funds for any investment in a company if they quite confident of ‘true’ and ‘fair’ presentation of financial statements. Transparency and

Benchmark progress towards sustainability Essay - 2

Benchmark progress towards sustainability - Essay Example e the estimate and compare the eco friendly initiatives of the two companies on the basis of four dimensions, namely pollution prevention, clean technology, base of pyramid (indicating crystallizing growth of the two companies) and product stewardship. The paper will conclude that PepsiCo is the leader in terms of sustainability activities, when compared with that of Coca Cola. Finally some specific recommendations will also be provided, on the basis of which any company can improve its sustainable activities. In the recent times, the concept of â€Å"Triple Business Line† has become very important. According to this policy, the company can aim to improve its business by abstaining from harming the people, planet and profitability (Butje, 2005). Modern day business enterprises are increasingly investing in sustainable practices as they have realized that in order to achieve competitive advantage these practices are indispensible. The organizations are also getting highly engaged in corporate social responsibilities for creating a better impact on the community (Hawkins, 2006).). This paper discusses about Hart’s sustainability framework, which stresses on the importance of sustainability in global business. The first part of the essay briefly discusses about the model that has been proposed by Stuart Hart and Marks Milstein. This model has been extremely advantageous in understanding the particular benefits that can be enjoyed by a company by following the sustainable strate gy. Then this framework is used to understand the sustainability measures that have been adopted by two of the largest beverages companies, PepsiCo and Coca Cola Company. The idea is to determine the market leader between these two companies. Stuart Hart along with Marks Milstein devised the model of sustainability value framework, which linked societal challenges to sustainability in a global economy with value of the shareholder. Hart had adapted a framework of natural resources that can be

Economics and Healthcare Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Economics and Healthcare - Assignment Example Hence any significant change in the economy brings about simultaneous changes in access to and provision of health care. In a system which is bound by an employment-based healthcare coverage and where provision of healthcare essentially depends on the country’s economy, understanding the impact of economics on health care is of crucial significance. The healthcare system in the United States is focused on provision of services which are cost-effective to consumers who demand greater accessibility and better quality at affordable rates (White, 2005). A country which is regarded as the world leader in terms of medical advances and research and technology in the field of medicine, the lack of access to healthcare and primary health care services is one of the most critical and on-going issues faced by it since several decades (Gulliford and Morgan, 2003). An overwhelming majority of the population who are at the bottom of the economic pyramid include those insured by Medicaid, low wage earners as well as those who are uninsured and underinsured. This paper discusses the complex interactions between economics, employment, and provision of healthcare services in the country; the impact of the impact of provision of healthcare to a vulnerable section of the population such as the uninsured; the key implications for nursing in delivering patient care to the uninsured and its impact on the nursing profession. Any disturbance in the economy of a country is likely to result in the usage of and access to medical care, since it directly affects the individual’s ability to pay for such care. Recessions often lead to large scale unemployment, which in turn affect the access to insurance, since most of the healthcare services in the United States are employment-based (Catalano, 2009). Furthermore the willingness of an individual to pay for

Current event report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Current event report - Research Paper Example Making illicit promises to two men, she arranged for the murder weapons and provided the two hired men the chance to enter the house to carry out the deed. The trio were caught and individually sentenced. Teresa Lewis received the death penalty for masterminding the murder, with both her accomplices receiving life imprisonment, one later committing suicide. I chose this particular article for a few reasons. Firstly, I chose to write about it since capital punishment has divided the society in two. One half is in favor of it and the other opposes it. Their reasons vary from the supporters talking of retribution and closure and justice being done. The opposing side talks about the sanctity of human life and that one deed cannot cancel out another. They also support their argument by talking about the margin of error in sentencing someone: what it someone was falsely accused due to incomplete evidence; or by misfortune. In case of discovery post-execution, the sentence cannot be reverse d, they argue. The second reason for picking this article was the fact that Teresa Lewis not only did not commit the act herself but was also borderline mentally retarded with an IQ of 71. So it can be argued that she was not mentally equipped to fully grasp the gravity of her undertakings.

PTSD Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

PTSD - Research Paper Example The victims become hopeless and if the shock does not subside the victims get disturbed by painful memories. They feel that their normal status cannot be restored. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder usually occurs with battle scared military officers who go through a win or die battle. Many soldiers suffer from the disorder situations when they are fighting a losing battle. Traumatizing incidences such as bombast makes them scared. The soldiers get maimed while some die. The incidences and aftermath of the war have been the leading cause of the mental disorder. The disease is also prevalent in emergency care workers. Most of the emergency care workers who suffer the disorder are those who take care of the victims whose life is in danger. The death of the victims leaves shocking memories that they cannot forget. The medical officers who treat and take care of the victims of emergency events are also at risk of suffering from the disorder. Children are less likely to develop the disease than adults. They have weak memories, and they are less engaged in life-threatening events. The primary cause of Post-Traumatic Disorder among children is bullying. Bullying also affects adults. Individuals facing domestic violence are predisposed to the disorder. Disasters such as earthquakes and Tsunami results to the massive destruction. The victims of the disaster are traumatized. For many years terrorist attacks has been threatening peoples life. The effects of the attacks are unbearable and terrible. The disorder is prevalent among the people held hostages by terrorists. The torture the in the cells leaves the freed culprits traumatized. Drug abuse especially alcohol also co-occur with the mental disorder. Intake of narcotics hinders the recovery of the PTSD by medication. Alcohol abuse worsens the PSTD conditions (Krippner, 2012). Childhood neglect, kidnapping and sudden death of loved ones also put individuals at risk of gettin g the disorder. The police

International and Comparative Human Resource Management Essay - 5

International and Comparative Human Resource Management - Essay Example The rapid technological advancement has greatly influenced the change observed in the business environment. Organisations’ processes are constantly being re-engineered and delocalised because work can now be carried out both at home and in the office. The re-engineering process has reduced middle management levels as today’s lower level managers are faced with more work and decision making activities. The work processes have been restructured to comply with the existing technology in the business environment, fragmentation against departments has been reduced in an attempt to fasten decision making process and accomplishment of tasks, the quality and speed of strategy execution has been improved, employees are empowered and information flows swiftly within the organisation (Thakur 2001, p. 311). For instance Joel Salatin owner of the Polyface Farm in Virginia has adopted sustainable agricultural operations such as use of green technology to maintain the quality of his l and and animals. He is also able to meet the sophisticated demands of consumers that desire to use green technology products which are deemed to be safe as they cause less harm to the environment and their health. The business environment has been changed to a business of data by ‘formatting’ the workplace. Today workers manipulate data related to the products they are producing instead of the working materials. The communication technology has acquired a multiplier phase enabling all players in the business environment to get the same information simultaneously and thus react or act on it at the same time

Management and Diversity Essay Example for Free

Management and Diversity Essay Susan Jackson states in Diversity in the Workplace: Human Resource Initiatives that, â€Å"Surveys of business leaders confirm the perception that interest in managing diversity successfully is widespread. In a study of 645 firms, 74% of the respondents were concerned about diversity, and of these about one-third felt that diversity effected corporate strategy.† This means that the majority of organizations feel diversity is important, and see the need to take action, however; implementing the process can be more difficult. This paper will outline a human resources strategic plan that includes diversity training for all employees to include managers and frontline staff. It will focus specific diversity training segments to address management’s perspectives, and will use a change model to persuade management to implement needed modifications to the organizations practices. This paper will also propose a brief training outline of diversity content. Finally, this paper will recommend a comprehensive method of evaluation to ensure the training will create the needed changes. Mark Winston states in The Importance of Leadership Diversity: The Relationship between Diversity and Organizational Success in the Academic Environment that, â€Å"Fostering diversity in organizations is generally considered a priority in relation to the increasing diverse population, as well as inequities, current unfairness, and underrepresented.† To have a diversity strategy that becomes a strategic part of organization it must align with the overall goals of the organization. Nagel, CEO for Cisco states in the Hewlett Associates Creating a Sustainable Inclusion and Diversity Strategy: Build on Your Company’s Goals and Strengths that, â€Å"This position of inclusion and diversity must be an integral part of the company’s key business goals, rather than an add-on whose value and cost constantly need to be justified. A successful and sustainable ID (inclusion and diversity) strategy cannot be built in a silo. Similarly, for ID to receive the organizational support required to achieve its goals, it needs to be represented and play a central role in decision-making at the highest level. To ensure that ID is integrated at every level of the company, not just an HR focus.† To have this strategy start at the top of the organization is critical to the success of the initiative. This would begin with the forming of an Inclusion and Diversity Council. This counsel would be led by the Vice President of Human Resources, and the members are all executive level positions that represent each component of the company. The goals for this council would be to develop the Inclusive and Diversity vision to align with the goals of the company, develop the strategy behind the diversity and inclusion, and the execution plan. This council would also start gathering data to begin employee network groups in which a ll employees have the opportunity to join. It would review and advocating policies that support an inclusive environment including training for all employees, and implement a metrics for measuring the impact of Inclusion and Diversity initiatives. Through creating this type of board for the organization places diversity as a top priority and demonstrates the seriousness of integrating diversity into the organization. This would also exhibit to the EEOC a good faith effort to inaugurate diversity into the company. Below the council would be an additional group of managers that are composed of different business segments and would each hold a leadership type position in the employee network group. This group of managers would be responsible for building a strategy and executing a plan to implement the council’s decisions. This would allow an additional team of employees be involved in the inclusion and diversity strategy. â€Å"Because ID goals are aligned with the overall business goals, ID initiatives have a greater i mpact than before and are seen as a company priority.† (Hewett, 2009). Through starting the diversity strategies at the top and including additional manager throughout the company shows that this initiative is not a fad and that it is being taken seriously. The council will begin the inclusion and diversity process and communicate to managers and the overview the hiring and team the employees that make up the organization. In addition to the council, managers that recruit and hire employees will go through interviewing skills and be required to have a diverse slate based upon the geographic location. Adding more diverse candidates to the interview process gives managers the opportunity to hire more diverse candidates if they are the most qualified for the position. Interviewing more diverse candidates, allows more opportunity to hire and retain a diverse workforce. This will lead to less discrimination lawsuits based on hiring and retaining more diversity within the organization. Another key point is developing and engaging the talent that the organizat ion currently has. This would include promotions of internal candidates. This type of development would include mentoring groups that could be utilized through the employee network groups. This would reach all levels of employees throughout the organization. Finally, there will be training for all employees in regards to diversity and inclusion, harassment, and stereotypes and biases. By training employees and holding then accountable for improper practices or behavior, helps the organization develop standards and omit any inappropriate behaviors. Through aligning diversity and inclusion with the company’s overall goals and including key leaders in the organization states that this is a high priority and is supported by the overall company. By engaging managers at different levels through employee network groups and having diverse slates in hiring practices allows the company to continue to grow in diversity and inclusion. Finally, providing training and policies in place to encompass all employees gives everyone the understanding of what behavior is acceptable and that the work environment is inclusion for everyone. There can be a variety of reasons that managers or employees would resist change. According to the article, Workplace Diversity: How to Tackle Resistance it states, â€Å"Employees resist diversity for a number of reasons; if the organization’s definition of diversity is not broad enough and inclusive, some employees may feel excluded or left out of the change process. Furthermore, employees who are not often made to feel included in the process, such as white men, may feel blamed for inequities in their organization and react with defensiveness. On the other hand, employees specifically included in diversity efforts such as women or people of color- may express resistance because they do not want to be singled out or perceived as having succeeded purely as a result of the change effort. Finally, employees are also cynical and reluctant to get involved with new diversity efforts when past change efforts have not been successful.† To address the managers that would be implementing these practices I would first start with training the understanding of the alignment of diversity with the organizational goals. This would include ten session training about diversity and the way that it effects the organization. Through establishing and defining the organization’s definition of diversity and how it will help the company grow would help the managers understand the company initiative and that the top leaders of the organization are implementing and enforcing this program. It would also allow the managers to understand diversity and the components of it. The second training would entail having a diverse slate to interview, interviewing candidates, and selecting the best talent. â€Å"One common misperception is the belief that unearned benefits or advantages will be given to a specific group, such as white women, or people of color; as well as that one has to part of a specific group in order to be promoted.â €  (Catalyst, 2009). Through understanding the correct interview process, having a diverse number of candidates for promotion or hiring, and asking job related questions will allow the organization to continue to build on diversity and inclusion and train as well as show the managers the correct hiring process. The third training would allow the manager to understand and analyze their own stereotypes and biases. Through identifying that everyone, absolutely everyone has stereotype and biases, allows the manager to identify them and then look past them. This would help with the fair treatment of all employees. All three of these training sessions, understanding diversity, interview with diversity, and understanding stereotypes and biases will allow the company to continue to grow in diversity and inclusion. The organization will also be in compliance with sound hiring practices and treatment of employees including harassment. Dr. John Kotter’s 8-Step change model is one that can be utilized to impl ement and explain the change in the organization’s diversity and inclusion. According to the article The development of a model to support synchronous change, Kotter’s eight steps are: create a sense of urgency, form a powerful coalition, create a vision for change, communicate the vision, remove obstacles, create short term wins, build on the change, and anchor the changes in corporate culture. The first step is to create a sense of urgency. In this case the urgency has already been put in place by the charges faced by the EEOC. Due to the charges the organization must put a plan into effect quickly; this will be vital to the success of the organization. In step two, formulating a coalition, this can be done through establishing the diversity council in which key leaders will initiate the beginning of the diversity and inclusion component of the company. This will help the organization to all be on the same page and implement a strategy from the top. The third step includes the vision for change. This is done through aligning the goals of the organiz ation to the goals of diversity. This part of the plan would create goals such as meeting diversity goals, creating an inclusive environment, and training goals for the employees. Creating a work environment that is diverse as well as inclusive is an ideal work environment. Step four, communicate the vision, can be accomplished through the trainings conducted with the managers. These trainings would explain the diversity goals of the organization and have the frontline staff complete 5 diversity training sessions, and manager complete 10 diversity training sessions. In addition to the training, the managers should have constant open and honest communication about the changes that are happening and how those changes are effecting the organization. The fifth step, removing obstacles, would need to be in place when the employees are resisting the changes. Removing obstacles is part of the overall plan in which resistance comes up it is addressed immediately and allows the organization continue to build on its strategy. This fifth step is important in which managers that are following the diversity vision are rewarded and those that are not a redirected to follow the guidelines in place. This came be done by offering diversity bonuses based on having a diverse hiring slate, but not by hiring the most diverse candidates. The important part is still hiring the best candidates, but having a variety of candidates to choose from. The sixth step, create short-term wins, allows the employees to process and be successful in intervals. This would include reaching goals such as completing training, and having the correct amount of people to interview to complete a diverse slate. Step seven, build on the change, allow employees to celebrate the small successes that will then lead to additional wins of having a diverse and inclusive work environment. Finally, the eighth step, anchor the changes in corporate culture, is the complete process in which the changes are adapted to the culture of the organization. This is when the new staff as well as the old staff has accepted the culture and ensures that the changes continue. Each component of Kotter’s eight step process is important and necessary to achieve success. This plan of implementing change in accordance with the eight steps lays the foundation for the organization to make a positive change and provide a more diverse and inclusive work place. Described previously there were would be diversity training composed of ten (10) sessions. These sessions are based off of the Workplace Diversity Foreword, Managing Workplace Diversity. The first five sessions would be for both frontline employees and managers. The remaining sessions six to ten would be for managers only. The first session would entail an understanding of what diversity is. Although diversity can be different to each individual, this would focus on the defining diversity, giving history of the organizations diversity, and legal overview. The second training session would explain what stereotypes are as well as biases. In the course participant would identify their own biases through active listening. Once the biases and stereotypes are identified, the third session would include breaking down your own biases through changing how the participants view their approach and the encouraging workplace and social changes. The fourth lesson would then identifying the proper communication stating that listening and hearing are two different things. This would help open up communication among all individuals to incorporate an all-inclusive environment. Lesson five would explain body language and it is not what you say, but how you say it. This would allow employees as well as managers to understand that there is more to communication than just words. The sixth training would encourage diversity in the workplace through establishing guidelines and teaching employees about preventing discrimination. The seventh training would entail identifying discrimination and the options in which an employee or manager would have if this happened. The eight training would explain the processes used if you as a manager are involved in a complaint, understanding the role that you play as a manager that represents the company as well as an individual. The ninth training would teach the manager how to properly document the complaint and identify the appropriate actions including contacting the human resources department. The tenth training would explain the steps in receiving the complaint formally as then looking back at the incident and learning from the experience. All ten of these trainings, establish the guidelines that the organization is looking to enforce and support. Each component both explains and defines what diversity is, how it is involved in the day to day work environment, and how to prevent as well as respond to a complaint. Once all of the trainings are completed managers as well as employees will understand the overall goals of the company, how diversity plays a role in those goals, how each employee and manager can contribute towards those goals, and what to do when the resistance to diversity is encountered. Finally, this paper will recommend a comprehensive method of evaluation to ensure the training will create the needed changes. One way to measure the success of diversity initiative is if there are any additional complaints filed with the EEOC, and of the goals or requirements put in place by the EEOC are met. Tracking and evaluating the hiring process and the applicants considered will show the strides or lack of follow through for the organization. Also following the guidelines given and continued follow through with compliance would allow the organization to track and view the changes. Another way to establish if the goals and measures are successful is through looking the amount of promotions if internal candidates. This will show how many employees are taking advantage of the mentoring, employee networking, and diversity training through embracing the goals of the company and making themselves more promotable. â€Å"The organization’s retention rate by demographic group compares favorably with external retention rates.† (Bliss, Keary, Loftus, Outwater, Porter Volpe, 2011). This would show how many minorities had been hired and promoted. An additional measure could also be an employee survey conducted. â€Å"Employee satisfaction survey results by demographic group show the feelings or rates on the diversity in the organization.† (Bliss, et al, 2011). Through seeking the employee input on how they view diversity, training and the inclusive environment, and how successful they feel it is will allow the organization to gage how successful the diversity initiative is and how to continue to build upon it. Finally the organization can look specifically in the diversity of top level managers. â€Å"Consistent with applicable law, representation of minorities and women in positions is enhanced.† (Werner DeSimone, 2012). This would directly look to see how engaged the top level of the company is and the continued support needed to continue to grow the diversity of the organization. Each measurement will allow the organization to understand and en hance the diversity and inclusion strategy. â€Å"Practicing diversity management means operating at a level that is the best with respect to diversity management.† (Werner DeSimone, 2012). This paper outlined a human resources strategic plan that includes the creation of a diversity council of top managers, an additional group of managers to help implement diversity changes, employee network groups, and diversity training for all employees to include managers and frontline staff. This paper focused on specific diversity training segments to address management’s perspectives through establishing a diversity training model for all employees. This paper used Kotter’s eight (8) step change model to persuade management to implement needed modifications to the organizations practices, and proposed a brief ten (10) training outline of diversity content. Finally, this paper recommended a tracking system through the applicant flow log to overview the diversity process as well as a survey for employees to complete to ensure the training will create the needed changes. References Bliss, W., Keary, D., Loftus, J., Outwater, L., Porter, G., Volpe, N., (2011). The SHRM Learning System: Module Three Human Resource Development. Alexandra, VA: Society for Human Resource Management. p. 206-221. Catalyst., (2009, May 13). Workplace Diversity: How to Tackle Resistance. Women’s Media. Retrieved December 15, 2012, from http://www.womensmedia.com/lead/119-workplace-diversity-how-to-tackle-resistance.html Hewett, A,. (2009). Creating a Sustainable Inclusion Diversity Strategy: Build on Your Company’s Goals and Strengths. Retrieved December 15, 2012 from: http://www.cisco.com/web/about/ac49/ac55/white_paper_Diversity_102709.pdf Jackson, S., (1992) Diversity in the Workplace: Human Resources Initiatives. Guilford Publications. New York, NY. Managing Workplace Diversity Website. (2012). Work Place Diversity Foreword. Retrieved December 15, 2012, from http://pdtraining.com.au/workplace-diversity-training-course Redvers C., Tennant,C., Neailey, N., (2005) The Development of a Model to Support Synchronous Change. Measuring Business Excellence, Vol. 9 Issue: 3, pp.13 – 20. Werner, J., DeSimone, R. (2012) Human resource development (6th ed.) Mason OH: South Western Cengage Learning Winston, M., (2009). The Importance of Leadership Diversity: The Relationship

Citizenship Activity Log Essay Example for Free

Citizenship Activity Log Essay As a group we decided on possible ideas and we came to a conclusion of having an aim. We aim to raise basic drug awareness amongst the teenage society in our school. We want to achieve this aim by sticking up posters around the school. These posters need to be informative and eye-catching so the message can be spread effectively.  Discuss with Mrs Walton   As a group we plan to discuss our final conclusion to gain constructive feedback, to improve our general idea. We plan to put the feedback into action to produce Checking with Maiden Erlegh School   Me and David spoke to Mr. Attridge (Head of Year) about leaving earlier than usual on the day of our activity so that we will be able to teach our lesson at the right time. He told us that we needed a letter from one of our parents so that we would be able to do this. Therefore Davids mother wrote a letter to Mr. Attridge about this issue. This relates to the importance of communicating well with colleagues and bosses to be able to achieve our target. Speak to Mrs. Walton   After giving a parents letter to our school, we were told to see Mrs. Walton (Head of Citizenship) so that she would tell us what we needed to do next to be able to have permission from school for leaving early on the day of our activity. Mrs. Walton informed us that the final step was to get a letter from our parents confirming permission to be able to leave school earlier. Then she told us that we should hand it in so that the school would be able to give us permission for our activity day. This step was important because it shows that it is crucial to have written permission evidence of events in the future in order to carry it out. This influences citizenship issues such as being a responsible citizen and being able to provide enough information for work places. Research on internet   In my own time, I researched different health and fitness exercises to perform with the class in our activity. I kept the document so that I would be able to learn and use it for our event. Researching is important due to that it provides you with valuable information and sources relating to the subject.  Meeting, what we have done and future   Me and David had a meeting where we discussed what we have done so far, and what we are going to do in the future. I explained and showed the researches which I did and we talked about what we were going to do after. We realised that we still had to confirm an exact date of our event and get the permission letters from our parents. Group meetings influence ideas and improve plans towards the future. It is important because you have to gather what you have done and discuss it with your colleague or partner.

Types Of Narcissistic Personalities Philosophy Essay

Types Of Narcissistic Personalities Philosophy Essay Like all of us, narcissists are human beings. As such, all narcissists are not alike. They are different among themselves. We take up Millons report first. In the year 1969, Millon has divided the narcissistic personalities into two subtypes: (1) Passive independent, or narcissistic personalities, who are confident of their self-worth and who feel they need to be merely themselves to justify being content and secure; (2) active-independent, or antisocial personalities, who struggle to prove themselves, who visit on their rights and will be harsh and ruthless when necessary to retaliate or gain power over others. For the narcissistic type, self-esteem in based on a blind and naÃÆ' ¯ve assumption of personal worth and superiority. For the antisocial type, it seems from distrust, an assumption that others will be humiliating and exploitive. To these personalities, whose independence from others takes on an active and angry character, self-determination is a protective maneuver: it is a means of countering, with their own power and prestige, the hostility, deception, and victimization they anticipate from others. Although both passive na rcissistic and active independents (antisocial) devalue the standards and opinions of others, finding gratification primarily within themselves. Their life histories and the strategies they employ for achieving their needs are potentially different. After intermittent interests in narcissism Millon (1977, 1987, and 1994) has presented the following four types of narcissistic personalities: (i) Unprincipled narcissist (ii) Amorous Narcissist (iii) Compensatory Narcissist (iv) Elitist Narcissist i) The Unprincipled Narcissist The unprincipled narcissist has been seen more often in drug reha ­bilitation programs, centers for youth offenders, and in jails and prisons. Although these individuals often are successful in society, keeping their activities just within the boundaries of the law, they enter into clinical treatment rather infrequently. The behavior of these narcissists characterized by an arrogant sense of self-worth, an indifference to the welfare of others, and a fraudulent and intimidating social manner. There is a desire to exploit others, to expect special recognitions and considerations without assuming reciprocal responsibilities. A deficient social conscience is evident in the tendency to flout conventions, to engage in actions that raise questions of personal integrity, and to disregard the rights of others. Achievement deficits and social responsibilities are justified by expansive fantasies and frank pre ­varications. Descriptively, we may characterize this narcissist as devoid of a superego that is ev ­idencing an unscrupulous, amoral, and deceptive approach to relationships with others. More than merely disloyal and exploitive, these narcissists may be found among societys con men and char ­latans, many of whom are vindictive and con ­temptuous of their victims. The features that are clearly se en in the unprincipled narcissist support the conclusion that these individuals are an ad ­mixture of both narcissistic and antisocial per ­sonality characteristics. The unprincipled narcissist evidences a rash willingness to risk harm and is notably fearless in the face of threats and punitive action, Malicious tendencies are projected outward, precipitating fre ­quent personal and family difficulties, as well as occasional legal entanglements. Vengeful gratifica ­tion is often obtained by humiliating and dominat ­ing others. These narcissists operate as if they have no principles other than exploiting others for their personal gain. Lacking a genuine sense of guilt and possessing little social conscience, they are oppor ­tunists and charlatans who enjoy the process of swindling others. In a game narcissists enjoy play ­ing, they outwit others and hold them in contempt owing to the ease with which they can be seduced. Relationships survive only as long as the narcissist has something to gain. People are dropped with no thought to the anguish they may experience as a consequence of the narcissists careless and irre ­sponsible behavior s. In many ways, the unprincipled narcissist is sim ­ilar to the disingenuous histrionic. They share a de ­vious and guileful style, plotting and scheming in their calculations to manipulate others. However, the disingenuous histrionic continues to pursue the strong need for attention and love, characteristics not present in the narcissist where there is a basic self-centeredness and an indifference to the atti ­tudes and reactions of others. The unprincipled narcissist preys on the weak and vulnerable, enjoy ­ing their dismay and anger; the histrionic, by contrast, seeks to hold the respect and affection of those they dismiss in the pursuit of love and admiration. Unprincipled narcissists display an indifference to truth that, if brought to their attention, is likely to elicit an attitude of nonchalant indifference. They are skillful in the ways of social influence, are capable of feigning an air of justified innocence, and are adept in deceiving others with charm and glibness. Lacking any deep feelings of loyalty, they may successfully scheme beneath a veneer of politeness and civility. Their principal orientation is that of outwitting others, getting power and exploiting them before they do it to you. They often carry a chip-on-the shoulder atti ­tude, a readiness to attack those who are distrusted or who can be used as scapegoats. A number of these narcissists attempt to present an image of cool strength, acting tough, arrogant, and fearless. To prove their courage; they may invite danger and punishment. But punishment only verifies their unconscious recognition that they deserve to be punished. Rather than having a deterrent ef ­fect, it only reinforces their exploitive and un ­principled behaviors. ii) The Amorous Narcissist The distinctive feature of this narcissistic person ­ality type is an erotic and seductive orientation, a building up of ones self-worth by engaging mem ­bers of the opposite gender in the game of sexual temptation. There is an indifferent conscience, an aloofness to truth and social responsibility that, if brought to the amorous narcissists attention, elicits an attitude of nonchalant innocence. Though totally self-oriented, these individuals are facile in the ways of social seduction, often feign an air of dignity and confidence, and are rather skilled in deceiving others with their clever glibness. These narcissists are skillful in enticing, bewitch ­ing, and tantalizing the needy and the naive. Al ­though indulging their hedonistic desires, as well as pursuing numerous beguiling objects at the same time, they are strongly disinclined to be ­come involved in a genuine intimacy. Rather than investing their efforts in one appealing person, they seek to acquire a coterie of amorous objects, invariably lying and swindling as they weave from one pathological relationship to another. The qual ­ities just outlined are strongly suggestive of the observation that these narcissistic types possess numerous characteristics that are primary among histrionic personalities. Although a reasonably good capacity for sex ­ual athletics sustains the vanity of many individu ­als, narcissists or not, the need to repeatedly demonstrate ones sexual prowess is a preeminent obsession among amorous subtypes. Among these personalities are those whose endless pursuit of sexual conquests is fulfilled as effectively and frequently as their bewitching style promises. Others, however, talk well, place their lures and baits extremely well-until they reach the bed ­room door; maneuvering and seduction is done with great aplomb, but performance falls short. For the most part, the sexual exploits of the amorous narcissist are brief, lasting from one af ­ternoon to only a few weeks. Some amorous narcissists are fearful of the opposite sex, afraid that their pretensions and ambitions will be exposed and found wanting. Their sexual banter and seductive feelings of inadequacy. Although they seem to desire the. affections of a warm and intimate relationship, they typically feel restless and unsatisfied when they find it. Having won others over, they seem to need to continue their pursuit. It is the act of exhi ­bitionistically being seductive, and hence gaining in narcissistic stature, that compels. The achieve ­ment of ego gratification terminates for a moment, but it must be pursued again and again. Not infrequently, amorous narcissists leave be ­hind them a trail of outrageous acts such as swin ­dling, sexual excesses, pathological lying, and fraud. This disregard for truth and the talent for exploitation and deception are often neither hos ­tile nor malicious in intent. These characteristics appear to derive from an attitude of narcissistic omnipotence and self-assurance, a feeling that the implicit rules of human relationships do not apply to them and that they are above the responsibili ­ties of shared living. As with the basic narcissistic pattern, individuals of this subtype go out of their way to entice and inveigle the unwary among the opposite sex, remain coolly indifferent to the wel ­fare of those whom they bewitch, whom they have used to enhance and indulge their hedonistic whims and erotic desires. Caring little to shoulder genuine social respon ­sibilities and unwilling to change their seductive ways. amorous narcissists refuse to buckle down in a serious relationship and expend effort to prove their worth. Never having learned to control their fantasies or to be concerned with matters of social integrity they will maintain their bewitching ways, if need be by deception, fraud, lying, and by charming others through craft and wit. Rather than apply their talents toward the goal of tangible achievements or genuine relationships, they will devote their energies to construct intricate lies, to cleverly exploit others, and to slyly contrive ways to extract from others what they believe is their due. Untroubled by conscience and needing nourishment for their overinflated self-image, they will fabricate stories that enhance their worth and thereby succeed in seducing others into supporting their excesses. Criticism and punishment are likely to prove of no avail since these narcissi sts quickly dismisses them as the product of jealous inferiors. iii) The Compensatory Narcissist Compensatory narcissists deviate in a fundamental way from other narcissistic subtypes as well as from the prototypal narcissist. The origins that un ­dergird their overtly narcissistic behaviors derive from an underlying sense of insecurity and weak ­ness, rather than from genuine feelings of self-con ­fidence and high self-esteem. Beneath their surface pseudo-confidence, the posture they exhibit pub ­licly, this narcissist is driven by forces similar to those who overtly display characteristics more akin, to the negativistic and avoidant personalities. The compensatory narcissist represents patients who are labeled narcissistic by those in the psy ­choanalytic community in that they have suffered wounds in early life. Many have been exposed to experiences akin to the negativistic, avoidant, and antisocial types. In essence, these personalities seek to make up or compensate for early life depri ­vations. They are similar to the antisocial, but com ­pensatory narcissists seek to fill their sense of emptiness by creating an illusion of superiority and by building up an image of high self-worth, rather than by usurping the power and control that others possess or by accumulating material possessions. Compensatory narcissists need others to fulfill their strivings for prestige. Their motive is to en ­hance their self-esteem, to obtain and to store up within the self all forms of recognition that will glorify their public persona. Much to the annoy ­ance of others, these narcissists act drunk as they recount their successes and record for others to acknowledge all forms of even minor public recogni ­tion. In effect, these narcissists actively worship themselves; they are their own god. As this inflated and overvalued sense of self rises evermore highly, narcissists look down on others as devalued ple ­beians. More and more, they acquire a deprecatory attitude in which the achievements of others are ridiculed and degraded. Life is a search for pseudo-status, an empty se ­ries of aspirations that serves no purpose other than self-enhancement. This search for these vacuous goals may begin to run wild, resting from its very foundation on an unsure sense of self  ­value that has but little contact with tangible achievements. Instead of living their own lives. they pursue the leading role in a false and imagi ­nary theater. Nothing they achieve in this pursuit relates much to reality. Their tenacious aspira ­tions for glory may impress the naive and the grateful, but they possess little of a genuine or ob ­jective character. Should these pursuits lose their grounding in reality, becoming more and more an imaginary world, peopled with self and others as in a dream, compensatory narcissists begin to deceive themselves in a manner not unlike the fanatic paranoid. If we draw a line between these two per ­sonality subtypes, we would see that the compen ­satory narcissist strives for prestige in a world composed of real people. When reality recedes and fantasy comes more to the fore, we see the fan ­atic who acts out aspirations in solitude. One comes to the stage in front of others, be it in the form of exaggeration and boasting; the other stands alone in an inner world, a pseudo-commu ­nity, as Cameron (1963) has phrased it, where imagination has substantially replaced reality. Owing to the insecure foundations on which heir narcissistic displays are grounded, compensatory narcissists are hypervigilant, to use a term employed by Gabbard (1994). What is meant here is they are exquisitely sensitive to how others react to them, watching and listening carefully for any critical judgment, and feeling slighted by every sign of disapproval. Although not delusional, as are their paranoid counterparts, these narcissists are prone to feel shamed and humiliated, especially hyperanxious and vulnerable to the judgments of others. They know that they are frauds at some level, pretenders who seek to convey impressions of being of higher standing than they know is truly the case. Despite this awareness, they do not act shy and hesitant, as would seem likely. Instead, they, submerge and cover up their deep sense of inade ­quacy and deficiency by pseudo-arrogance and su ­perficial grandiosity. . iv) The Elitist Narcissist Reich (1949) captured the essential qualities of what we are terming the elitist narcissist when he described the phallic-narcissist character as a self-assured, arrogant, and energetic person often impressive in his bearing. . . . and are iII ­suited to subordinate positions among the rank and file. As with the compensatory narcissist, elitist narcissists are more taken with their in ­flated self-image than with their actual self. Both narcissistic types create a false facade that bears minimal resemblance to the person they really are. Compensatory narcissists, however, know at some level that they are a fraud in fact, and that they put forth an appearance different from the way they are. By contrast, elitist narcissists, perhaps the purest variant of the narcissistic style, are deeply convinced of their superior self-image although it is grounded on few realistic achievements. To elit ­ists, the appearance of things is perceived as ob ­jective reality; their inflated self- image is their intrinsic substance. Only when these illusory elements to their self-worth are seriously under mined will they be able to recognize, perhaps even to acknowledge, their deeper shortcomings. As a consequence of their sublime self-confi ­dence, elitists feel quite secure in their apparent superiority. They achieve this in part by capturing the attentions of others and making them take note of the supposed extraordinary qualities. Most everything these narcissists do is intended to per ­suade others of their specialness, rather than to put their efforts into acquiring genuine qualifications and attainments. They feel privileged and empow ­ered by virtue of whatever class status and pseudo  ­achievements they may have attained. Most are upwardly mobile, seeking to cultivate their sense of specialness and personal advantage by associat ­ing with those who may possess genuine achieve ­ments and recognition. Many elitists will create comparisons between themselves and others, turn ­ing personal relationships into public competitions and contests. Unrivaled in the pursuit of becoming number one, the grounds for this goal are not de ­termined by genuine accomplis hments, but by the degree to which they can convince others of its re ­ality, false though its substance may be. As just described, many narcissistic elitists are social climbers who seek to cultivate their image and social luster by virtue of those with whom they are affiliated. To them, it is not the old chestnut of guilt by association, but rather that of status by association. Idolizing public recognition, narcis ­sists of this type get caught in the game of one-up ­manship, which they strive vigorously to win, at least comparatively. Status and self-promotion are all that matter to narcissistic elitists. To be celebrated, even famous, is what drives them, rather than to achieve substantive accomplishments. In whatever sphere of activity matters to them, they invest their efforts to advertise themselves, to brag about achievements, substantive or fraudulent, to make anything they have done appear to be won ­derful, better than what others may have done, and better than it may actually be. By making excessive claims about themselves, these narcissists expose a great distance between their actual selves and their self-presentations. In contrast to many narcissists who recognize this disparity, elitists are convinced and absolute in their belief in self. Rather than backing off, with ­drawing, or feeling shame when slighted or re ­sponded to with indifference, elitist narcissists speed up their efforts all the more, acting increas ­ingly and somewhat erratically to exhibit deeds and awards worthy of high esteem. They may present grandiose illusions about their powers and future status; they may puff up their limited ac ­complishments; they may seek competitively to outdo those who have achieved in reality. By the persistence and social intrusiveness of their behaviors, narcissistic elitists may begin to alienate themselves from others, and the admira ­tion they seek. Insulating themselves from signs of painful indifference and psychic injury, they may try to distance or screen out negativistic and judg ­mental responses. Some may become overtly hos ­tile, acquiring characteristics of the querulous paranoid, quickly losing the remaining elements of their former charm and cleverness, becoming increasingly contemptuous of those whom they feel are treating them so shabbily. Still believing themselves to be special persons, these elitists see little need to listen or follow the dictates of any ­one else. They may begin to react with outright anger and irritability, convinced that they need no one. As these self-protective beliefs and actions gain in their defensive and negative tone, the elit ­ist narcissist comes to be seen as an undesirable and embarrassing person, a touchy and inflated character whom others wish to shun. Burstens four personality variants Bursten (1973-1982) presented four personality variants within the narcissistic grouping, speaking of them as the craving, paranoid, manipulative, and phallic types. He refers to the Craving variety as changing, demanding, often pouting and whining. These labeled paranoid narcissists correspond with general descriptions of the paranoid personality. Manipulative narcissists encompass a large segment of what are referred to as antisocial personalities in the DSM The fourth subtype, phallic narcissistic, describes patients who are exhibitionistic, reckless, cold, and arrogant. In seeking to contrast borderline from narcissistic personalities, Bursten makes references to the distinction as bearing on the cohesiveness of self. Elaborating this distinction, he speaks of the narcissistic personality as comprising (1982): à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.a group of people whose sense of self is sufficiently cohesive that they do not suffer form these types of fragility problems. The striking feature of this cluster of personality types centers around self-esteem. They maintain an intense interest in themselves and harbor both grandiose fantasies, albeit not to a delusional extent, and the need to associate with powerful figures. When one frustrates their verity or their need for an ideal parent, they become dysfunctional they suffer sever disappointment depression, rage, and hypochondriacs. They may even have floating episodes of confusion, but such mental disinte gration is very brief and does not have the prominence and the persistence of people whose personalities fall in the borderline cluster. Cohesiveness of their sense of self is maintained by the intensity of their narcissistic focus on themselves. (p.414)

The Great Gatsby Essay -- essays research papers

The Great Gatsby Essay  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Discuss Nick Carraway’s character. How reliable is he as a narrator? What aspects of his character make him an effective narrator? Nick Carraway is not only a character in the novel The Great Gatsby, he is also the narrator. This is very important because it makes him a central figure, like Gatsby. He is so involved in the plot that he becomes quite important and significant in the story. The whole novel is told by Nick and in a way he discovers his own development throughout the events of the book. As Nick says of himself, he is â€Å"both within and without.† This is related to the fact that he is both a character and a narrator in the story. It gives a great success as to how Gatsby’s story is told. Nick is a young man from Minnesota who moves to New York in the spring of 1922 to learn about the â€Å"bond business.† The bond business refers to Nick’s choice of career as an investment broker. He rents a house in West Egg, which is in Long Island; a wealthy area inhabited by the rich people. Nick lives next door to a man named Jay Gatsby, which throws magnificent parties every Saturday night. Nick is different to the other residents of West Egg. He went to Yale and has social connections in East Egg (His cousin Daisy and Tom Buchanan), another area of Long Island home to the well-known upper class. The first paragraphs show Nick’s qualities. His father always told him to not criticize anyone because...

The Power of the Liberal Narrative Essay -- Liberal Narrative Essays

Trudging through the mountains of facts, studies, and opinions relevant to social and political issues creates a daunting task for political strategists, leaving them to decide what information is relevant and essential for the voting public to know, in order to rally the voters to support a certain candidate. However, these mountains of facts and opinions can turn off voters, and scare away many potential supporters, forcing political strategists to also engage the emotional lives of the populace: enter the role of cultural narratives- tales of adventure, sacrifice, defeat, and victory grabbing hold of the emotional lives of the audience, and as George Lakoff points out, â€Å"†¦politics is about the narratives of our culture and our circumstances make available to all of us to live† (35). The key to the liberal narrative is empathy; not solely feeling empathy, but acting on this empathy. George W. Bush and his campaign staff knew this and employed it very successfully in the 2000 election with his slogan â€Å"the compassionate conservative.† And while John Kerry and the Democratic Party may have forgotten this essential point of politics, Hollywood remembers vividly the formula of the classic liberal narrative and this has led to the creation of many films which are the quintessence of the liberal tale. The liberal narrative existed in the heyday of the Hollywood silver screen, and no better example exists than John Ford’s The Grapes of Wrath. Ford’s classic tale, based on John Steinbeck’s novel of the same title, immediately begins its liberal narrative. Early in the film when Henry Fonda’s character Tom Joad asks a truck driver for a ride, which is not allowed by the driver’s boss indicated by a sticker saying â€Å"no riders allowed/inst... ...to their feet. The liberal narrative is a staple in achieving political victory; and if someone wants to learn how to successfully create one, he or she need look no further than these films. They contain the heart and soul of the liberal campaign; and if the liberals create more films of this breed and of this caliber, there is no telling how much their support will grow. Works Cited 12 Angry Men. Dir. Sidney Lumet. Prod. Henry Fonda and Reginald Rose. By Reginald Rose and Kenyon Hopkins. Perf. Henry Fonda. United Artists Corp., 1956. Erin Brockovich. Dir. Steven Soderbergh. By Susannah Grant. Perf. Julia Roberts. Jersey Films, 2000. The Grapes of Wrath. Dir. John Ford. Perf. Henry Fonda. Twentieth Century-Fox, 1940. Lakoff, George. The Political Mind: Why You Can't Understand 21st-Century Politics With an 18th-Century Brain. New York: Viking, 2008. Print.

Challenges of Small Businesses :: Essays Papers

Challenges of Small Businesses Growth in the small and medium business in Canada and other developed countries has been very significant. This sector of the business community now represents about 40 percent of GDP and accounts more than half of total employment. Today small businesses are more diverse and more vigorous than ever, but they also faces newer and more challenges or inhibitors to their growth than their older conter parts. This research will attempt to find the answer to the following hypothetical question: "What are the barrier to entry, inhibitors to growth, and detriments to the health of small business and entrepreneurship today?" Access to capital and credit at various stages in the business life cycle is identified as the major hurdle by the entrepreneurs. For many small firms and most start-ups, the personal funds of the business owners and entrepreneur and those of relatives and acquaintances constitute as the major source of capital. For many small businesses, especially during the early years of their operation, credit is simply not available. For many others, the limited available credit is not through bank loans. Due to this many of them rely on multiple credit card balances and home equity loans as major sources of credit for start-up firm. Because banks are bound by laws and regulations to prudent lending standards that require them a risk management assessment for each loan made. These regulations were made more vigor during the late 1980'' and early 1990 . Banks always found that lending to manufacturing firm with hard asset such as property, equipment, and inventory has always been easier than lending to today's expanding service sector firms. Because the service sector firms own few hard asses, therefor lending judgment have to be based in terms of character, markets, and cashflow, which make it difficult to the bank to meet the regulations for the approval of the loan. Additional, the banking industry, as well as the entire financial sector of the economy, is undergoing rapid change. In the future banking industry will be divided into global, national and super-regional banks and a much smaller number of community banks. It is expected of these banks primarily super regional banks and community banks will extend their services to the needs smaller business through large loan processing centers utilizing credit-scoring techniques and "intelligent models" (artificial intelligence-derived computer-based models) .

Project Budget Paper Essay

The project for the company offsite 2 day training session has given a preliminary go-ahead. The budget of the project will determine any important factors that will impact the training project. The company of AER has given the opportunity for all workers to get the training required. The budget of the 2-day training session project will recover any expenses that occur before the initiation, during processes, and until completion of the project. Resources The first step of the project is to develop a budget. The budget management process involves the project manager in developing all the cost, estimates, and the total amount of money resources necessary for the implementation of all the activities. All the tasks and events are defined and stated in the WBS and Schedule in the lower section of the memorandum. Budget Development Budget development should cover the capital, and the operating expenses to ensure the success of the project completion. The project manager needs to gather all the funding requirements and then send a formal request to the sponsor. The sponsor needs to look first in the feasibility study, business case, and project charter before making any final decision. For developing a budget project sheet, there are a few estimation methods, like the cost baseline measurement, and the cost aggregation. The budget development is  the initiation of the project that will measure all the tasks with cost and time. The process will be evaluated with decisions of the participants. The milestones reflected in the document will be also revised by the specialist of the cause and utilized for further interruptions. Budget Use The next step of the budget is to allocate the financial resources and start running the plan of the budget. The project manager has to control and track the budget resources to make sure the task is performed with necessary funding. Also the project manager has to make sure that there is no lack of money for the implementation of the entire project. We need to develop an investment plan to track and control the budget for better results. This document will include justifications and approvals for necessary items and services. The investment plan will support the project with any acquisition. After it gets completed, the project manager will have sent the investment approval request to all the stakeholders. Budget Measurements and estimates This phase of the project is the most important because it has to be appropriately done with cost performances. The project manager has to work with performance data, like deliverables, and cost-schedule estimates. Developing the budget analysis, and performance reviews will help conduct the project in the right direction. In this step we will compare the current cost performance against the planned amount of financial resources discussed in the project budget. In case of any deviations, it is necessary to make formal changes request to modify the budget with approvals. Budget Updating After all the changes have been done, the project manager can proceed with the update of the budget plan sheet to make any deviations, or changes to the original break down structure of financial resources. In the update, we can make changes to the cost estimates, cost performance, resource activity estimates, and the cost management plan. References My management guide. (2010-2014). Retrieved from http://www.mymanagementguide.com/project-budget-and-financial-resources/ Project Management Docs. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.projectmanagementdocs.com/project-planning-templates/work-breakdown-structure-wbs.html

Why We Form Relationships

Why We Form Relationships Corbin Smith Estrella Mountain Community College There are many reasons as to why we form relationships with a person. Appearance is one of those reasons. Most people claim that a person’s personality is the main reason why we get into a relationship with them and not by the way they look which is really not true. There has to be some type of attraction towards their appearance because the way they look is extremely important in the early stages of a relationship.Even if your appearance isn’t considered beautiful by societal standards, people will find you attractive if you’re just ordinary-looking with an amazing personality that fits the other persons needs. Attractive beauty may open doors to a relationship but it takes way more than just being attractive to keep a relationship going. Forming relationships is the ultimate way to gaining attraction and love towards a certain person that you might want to be with for the rest of your li fe. Forming relationships is a skill that not many people consider to be important but it’s a skill that most people want so they can find their lifelong partner.My understanding of this skill is that we all have used it at some point in our lives to form relationship, whether if it’s just a friendship or more than that. Like I said before, appearance is one of the main things that jumpstart a relationship but it won’t be the only trait that’ll keep a bond going. Similarity, complementary, competence, disclosure, proximity, and rewards are all factors in how relationship is formed. I’ve used this skill plenty of times because I’m a person who loves to make new friends and meet new people every single day.Whenever I get the chance to meet someone new, whether if I’m attracted to them or not, I try not to miss the opportunity. I met a girl in the beginning of this semester who is just the most gorgeous girl I’ve seen at this scho ol so far. I had to take an opportunity to get to know this girl and fortunately, she gave me the light of day and now we both are really good friends. Not only does she look beautiful, we both have many of the same similarities such as music taste, fashion sense, and other amazing things. When I met her, I used her appearance to draw me to her and from then on, it was the similarities and complementarities.By me using this skill, there have also been several consequences. I’ve been shot down by many girls many times because of me being too confident and by trying to get to know them way too fast. Unfortunately this skill doesn’t always work to our advantage but it doesn’t hurt to try it. Like the old saying goes, â€Å"You’ll never know for yourself until you try. † I live by that saying because you can’t live your life in fear of getting rejected by people you’re attracted to. Just take the chance and run with it. The reason why thi s skill doesn’t work all the time is because of the mindset of the person that you’re attracted to.Is that person already in a relationship? Is that person not looking for a relationship even though they are single? Is the person you’re attracted to not attracted to you back? There are many reasons as to why the negative effects might take place. Overall, never skip out on an opportunity to possibly engage in a lifelong friendship or relationship. You’ll never know the outcome until you try. â€Å"For communication to have meaning it must have a life. It must transcend ‘you’ and ‘me’ and become ‘us. ’ In a small way we then grow out of our old selves and become something new. † – Hugh Prather

The Boy Who Saves Baseball

Although this small town Is loved by many, Tolland has really gone down and a lot f the town's leaders want to sell Dilatation land to developers who say they will turn the run down community into new homes, stores, and bigger and better things. Although most of the land has already been sold, Doc Alternative, a huge baseball fan, hasn't agreed to sell his land. This land happens to be where the baseball park sits. After being cornered by the mayor who begs him to sell the property and the historical group who begs him to not sell the land, Doc decides that he will keep the field If the Wildcats can beat their rival team.If the Wildcats lose, he will sell the land to the developers who will tear up the field to build new buildings. The Wildcats are scared of losing the challenge. The main reason they are worried is that they cannot hit or catch and the game is only five days away. Dante Del Goat, a former player of the San Diego Padres, decides to coach the team. At the first practic e a 12 year old kid named Cruz De la Cruz walks up. No one knows him, but Cruz quickly makes friends with the team.He can hit every ball that comes his ay and can catch every ball that Is hit or thrown to him. More Importantly, he helps build the team's confidence, courage, and a new found love for the game. After a week of hard and unusual training, the team is feeling good about the big game, but Cruz De la Cruz disappears. The team quickly realizes that it is up to them to win the game. Worst yet, with Cruz gone, Tom has to play. He is the worst player and as if things couldn't get worse, he has to pitch because Maria, the main pitcher has been Injured.After a long and hard game, the Wildcats manage to win, but their excitement was overcome by grief when they found out that Doc Alternative has had a heart attack and died. The team, especially Tom thinks that the field will surely not be saved no matter what. In the end, Tom finds out that Doc wanted him to inherit his estate when he died. The baseball field is safe now because of the win and the generosity of Doc Alternative. The Boy Who Saves Baseball By Sharron The Boy Who Saved Baseball begins by introducing its readers to a fun lovingAlthough this small town is loved by many, Dilatation has really gone down and a lot baseball fan, hasn't agreed to sell his land. This land happens to be where the he will keep the field if the Wildcats can beat their rival team. If the Wildcats lose, he will sell the land to the developers who will tear up the field to build new buildings. Way and can catch every ball that is hit or thrown to him. More importantly, he helps build the team's confidence, courage, and a new found love for the game. Has been injured.

European Factory Workers and Urban Artisans Essay

In the eighteenth century much of Europe was experiencing an industrial production, furthering toward a more industrial society. Many people were supporting the new society, while others were criticizing it. From 1845-1847 Europe was experiencing poor harvests, which caused the Irish famine. Irish peasants died from starvation, while others migrated. Artisans and factory workers were undergoing a process called proletarianization. It was where an owner would pay a wage and the worker would lose all ownership of production. If the factory ran smoothly, then it would be a better chance that the workers would have a safe workplace, but if that wasn’t the case then the workers may have to work in poor work conditions. Urban artisans experienced the process a little differently than the factory workers. Metal workers and craftsmen saw an increase in demand for their work. Artisans were working for masters, first as apprentices, then as journeymen. The master owned the equipment and the workers owned the small tools used. The journeymen would later become masters. The guild system allowed the factory to run smoothly. Liberals did not like the labor or guild systems and they tried to make them illegal. Masters were very competitive. They began to follow confection, which is where they make everything standard instead of individualistic. This made the artisan less valuable. Unskilled workers would come from the countryside to work. It became more difficult for journeymen to become masters, in turn artisans would become wage labors for life. Nineteenth-Century European Women Women in the Early Industrial Revolution The revolution had a great impact on the home and family life for women. Women could depend on the male’s wages. Children would follow the roles of their parents. This occurred within the middle and lower class families. Women were also allowed to work and make their own wages to support themselves if they had the desire to do so. The skills required to work were lowered when women started working. Textile production played a big role in the industrial revolution, so women were involved from the start. Women did the majority in the textile production until it was moved to factories, then the men replaced the women. In the 1820’s unmarried women rapidly became employed in factories. Most of the women working in factories were usually unmarried or widowed because it was less likely for them to become pregnant or get influenced by their husband to quit. At midcentury, the women accounted for less than half of all employment. In France, the working women continued to work on the land. In England, they were domestic servants. Women’s working conditions were almost always harsh and they were always exposed to exploitation. Social Disabilities Confronted by All Women During the early nineteenth century women suffered from social and legal property rights, family law, and education. By the end of the century improvements were being shown in those areas. Europeans were classified into ranks and women were inferior to men. In the late nineteenth century married women could finally own their own property in their own name. Women had no standing with the law. The reform of women’s property rights came slowly. By 1882 Great Britain allowed married women to own property. In France, a married woman could not even open a savings account in their name until 1895. In 1907, they were allowed to receive their own wages. In 1900 Germany allowed women to work without their husbands’ permission. Similar laws began to strike in Europe. The law also worked against women, for example legal codes made wives obey their husbands. The Napoleonic Code and the Roman law made women legal minors throughout Europe. Everything was more difficult for women including; divorce, keeping their children, contraception, and abortion. Women were controlled by men. Women had less access to education and they were only educated enough for the domestic careers that they were expected to follow. The percentage of illiterate women outnumbered that of women. The more professional education remained reserved for men until the third quarter of the century. Italian women had a better chance with education. Keeping women from school helped keep women out of social and economic events. School teaching became a profession for women. As things progressed women worked more and the jobs required little or no skill.

Critical review of Black English by J.L.IXllasd Essay

Critical review of Black English by J.L.IXllasd - Essay Example With some recognition, AAVE (aka Black English) merely amounts to a version of standard English originating in the south from which the black tradition with words is deeply rooted. Paying adequate reverence to the AAVE, Dillard creates an approach that eventually persuades a book’s critic to examine values within a linguistic context in order that the Black English may be perceived as a dialect after ‘rule-governed’ like how analytical linguists would label it by. Being defined as a substandard code implies rejection of the Black English and the author further argues, by transitive property, that such equates rejection of â€Å"a network of cultural loyalties, group outlooks, verbal games, perceptual modes, lore, logic, structure, grammar, music -- the language habitually used to perceive record, remember, transmit, abstract, recall and relate by at least eighty percent of Black Americans.† Through this perspective, one gradually realizes on reading how ric h the textures are and rhythm of words or phrases rendered specifically in the conventional means the Black English is sufficiently expressed or given justice to. The Black English dialect is distinct in the sense that it possesses a characteristic set of rules in language structure, grammatical construction, tonal patterns, as well as wordplay or vocabulary particular to the way of life and ethnicity of the black people. By Creole Hypothesis, this evaluation is based upon the event when the West African immigrants under slavery utilized contact language form of various elements from which learning of Creole emerged among the blacks. What Dillard observes as a ‘system of verbs’ attached to the Creole ancestry of the Black English details how the latter reflects certain attributes that are notably similar with the Plantation English of the Southern Whites. Apparently, the â€Å"Black English† makes a rare creation of placing notice not only for the readers to disc ern but even for the field of communication studies to realize the aesthetic and intellectual worth present in AAVE. Despite complex origins, the diversity of the Black English is by nature one that evokes soulful liberation, love and attachment to preservation of culture, sentimental journey, even music, and peculiar means of demonstrating social attitude, fad, or political struggle. With Dillard’s writings, the facts about â€Å"Black English† are sketched to generate a picture vivid with exuberance of the once was voiceless where acquaintance with the dialect progresses to appreciation and constructive criticism of its syllable contaction, verbal regularization, and characteristic intonation. The substance of â€Å"Black English† as a book manages to stimulate a learner to understand how the English of color may be viewed as an educational tool to govern speech and writing in style which is flexibly unique in application compared to the linguistic fashion wit hin the prevailing standards. As an appeal to establish due acclaim and respect for the Black English, Dillard appears to have splendidly and consistently addressed chief concern